Which policy was introduced in 1879 to encourage industrial growth and settlement?

• A. Tariff Act for Industrial Growth
• B. The National Policy
• C. Settlement and Growth Initiative
• D. Industrial Expansion Act

Answer: (B)

This question tests knowledge of Canada’s National Policy, introduced in 1879 to spur industrial growth and promote settlement. Under John A. Macdonald’s government, it used protective tariffs to shield Canadian manufacturs from American competition, helping industries grow. At the same time, it aimed to settle western provinces by encouraging immigration and tying the country together with the transcontinental railway, creating markets for goods and new homes for people. This combination—tariffs to build industry plus immigration and rail to expand settlement—captures the policy’s dual goal, making it the best answer. The other names don’t reflect the actual policy or its full scope.